Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed livestock. Adult cattle generally have low mortality, but young calves can experience substantially higher mortality, including death associated with myocarditis. Open oral and foot lesions may also become secondarily infected. Affected Animals: Cloven-hoofed (two-toed) animals like cattle,…

CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA (CBPP) 1. OVERVIEW Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. The disease primarily affects the lungs and pleura, causing fever, respiratory distress, coughing, and nasal discharge. CBPP is particularly important in Africa because…

Management of Endo- and Ectoparasites in Pigs in Zimbabwe Using Ashiver Injection Introduction Pig production is an important component of Zimbabwe's livestock industry, providing income, employment, and a valuable source of animal protein. However, internal and external parasites remain a major constraint to profitable pig farming. These parasites reduce growth…

Heartwater (Cowdriosis) in Goats in Zimbabwe: Management, Treatment and Prevention 1. Introduction Heartwater (cowdriosis) is one of the most significant tick-borne diseases affecting goats in Zimbabwe. The disease is caused by the intracellular bacterium Ehrlichia ruminantium and is transmitted primarily by Amblyomma (bont) ticks. Goats, particularly exotic breeds such as…

Yolk Sac Infection (Omphalitis) in Broiler Chicks: Management and Prevention in Zimbabwe's Poultry Industry Introduction  Yolk Sac Infection, also known as Omphalitis or Mushy Chick Disease, is a multifactorial condition affecting newly hatched chicks, characterized by delayed yolk sac absorption and bacterial contamination of the residual yolk. It is one…

Lumpy Skin Disease in Zimbabwe and Supportive Management Strategies  Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is one of the major viral diseases affecting cattle production in Zimbabwe and across Southern Africa. The disease is caused by the lumpy skin disease virus, a member of the Capripoxvirus group and is mainly transmitted by…

HIRUDINIASIS INTRODUCTION Hirudiniasis is an acute to chronic parasitic condition caused by the attachment and feeding of leeches on the skin or mucous membranes of animals. It affects cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and even humans in areas with abundant freshwater bodies. The condition can lead to blood loss, irritation, secondary…

Clinical Impact Of Ppr And The Supportive Therapies Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is one of the most severe viral diseases affecting small ruminants, especially goats, and its clinical presentation clearly reflects its destructive nature. Affected animals commonly exhibit fever(40-42°c), depression, loss of appetite, nasal and ocular discharges, ulcerative mouth…

Dipylidium caninum in Dogs, Veterinary-Approved Solution with Zerokrim CH Introduction Dipylidium caninum is the most common tapeworm infection in dogs, frequently reported when owners notice small white, rice-like segments crawling out of the anus or stuck around the tail and bedding. Although often overlooked, this condition causes discomfort, poor condition,…

Worm Infestation In Small Ruminants And Ashialben 300 Bolus As A Solution INTRODUCTION Worm infestation is one of the most common and economically significant health problems affecting small ruminants such as sheep and goats. Internal parasites, particularly gastrointestinal nematodes, reduce growth rate, impair fe,ed efficiency, cause anemia, and lower productivity.…